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Task 34
UPDATE one row
Always write WHERE with UPDATE, or every row changes.
Task
Why is forgetting WHERE dangerous in UPDATE?
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What you start with
UPDATE fees SET paid = 1 WHERE id = 4; SELECT paid FROM fees WHERE id = 4;
Syntax reference
UPDATE fees SET paid = 1 WHERE id = 4; SELECT paid FROM fees WHERE id = 4;
Read it, then write it yourself. Copy-paste teaches nothing.
The sample database
CREATE TABLE courses (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, title TEXT, monthly_fee INTEGER); CREATE TABLE students (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, city TEXT, course_id INTEGER, joined TEXT); CREATE TABLE fees (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, student_id INTEGER, month TEXT, amount INTEGER, paid INTEGER); INSERT INTO courses VALUES (1,'Web Design',9000),(2,'Python',11667),(3,'JavaScript',11667),(4,'AI & Prompt Engineering',15000); INSERT INTO students VALUES (1,'Sara','Faisalabad',2,'2026-01-12'), (2,'Ali','Faisalabad',1,'2026-01-20'), (3,'Hina','Jhumra',2,'2026-02-02'), (4,'Bilal','Faisalabad',4,'2026-02-15'), (5,'Ayesha','Sargodha',3,'2026-03-01'), (6,'Usman','Jhumra',1,'2026-03-11'), (7,'Zainab','Faisalabad',4,'2026-04-05'), (8,'Hamza','Faisalabad',3,'2026-04-19'); INSERT INTO fees VALUES (1,1,'2026-01',11667,1),(2,1,'2026-02',11667,1), (3,2,'2026-01',9000,1),(4,2,'2026-02',9000,0), (5,3,'2026-02',11667,1),(6,3,'2026-03',11667,0), (7,4,'2026-02',15000,1),(8,4,'2026-03',15000,1), (9,5,'2026-03',11667,0), (10,6,'2026-03',9000,1),(11,6,'2026-04',9000,0), (12,7,'2026-04',15000,0), (13,8,'2026-04',11667,1);
SQL
1 automatic check Section 4 · Changing data
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Hint
Ask yourself: Why is forgetting WHERE dangerous in UPDATE?
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